1. Belt drive: In addition to the synchronous toothed belt, friction drive is simple in structure, easy to manufacture, and low in cost. It will slip during overload and can play an overload protection role. The disadvantage of the belt drive is that it has slippage and cannot be used in applications where the speed ratio is required to be accurate. Application example: The main motor drives the lathe spindle.

2. Gear and rack transmission: The gears make rotary movements, and the racks make corresponding linear movements. Application example: Heavy-duty gantry feed axis drive.

3, gear transmission: simple and compact structure, can transmit large torque, can adapt to variable speed, variable load work, the most widely used. Its disadvantage is that the line speed cannot be too high. Gear transmission is the most widely used transmission method in machine tools. Application example: High-torque spindle drive mechanism.

4. Worm gear transmission: The worm is the active part and transmits its rotation to the worm gear. This transmission method can only be driven by the worm, but not the other way around. Application example: Rotating mechanism of horizontal milling machine table.

5. Thread drive: Screw drive, a mechanical drive that uses the engagement of a screw and a nut to transmit power and motion. It is mainly used to convert rotary motion into linear motion and torque to thrust. Application example: lead screw drive, general car is used to thread.

The commonly used NC machine tool transmission pairs include the above five types of transmission pairs that have undergone long-term precipitation. With the advancement of technology, NC machine tools began to pursue high speed, high precision, and high rigidity, and a number of advanced transmission pairs were born.

1. Linear motor: It is a transmission device that directly converts electrical energy into linear motion mechanical energy without any intermediate conversion mechanism. It can be seen as a rotating electric machine cut in a radial direction and spread out into a plane. Including the rotary table of some horizontal machining centers, the direct drive method of the motor is also adopted.

2. Elastic coupling: This is a more traditional, flexible coupling using a parallel or helical groove system to adapt to various deviations and accurately transmit torque. Elastic couplings usually have good performance and have price advantages. In many practical applications of stepping and servo systems, elastic couplings are the first choice. The one-piece design allows the elastic coupling to transmit torque with zero clearance.

3. Electric spindle: The emergence of electric spindle has eliminated the belt drive and gear drive of the main drive system of high-speed CNC machine tools. The main shaft of the machine tool is directly driven by a built-in motor, which shortens the length of the main drive chain of the machine tool to zero, thereby achieving “zero drive” of the machine tool.

4. Roller cam mechanism: The cam divider is a mechanism that realizes intermittent motion. It has high indexing accuracy, stable operation, large transmission torque, self-locking during positioning, compact structure, small size, low noise, good high-speed performance, and long life. And other significant features. Application with table exchange or tool change mechanism.

From the above products, we can see that the current transmission system has the unparalleled high speed, high accuracy, low friction, and low clearance.